Unchanged by any teller — how the centuries since have seen Scamander.
The gallery
Achilles Fighting the River Gods Xanthus and Simois
Auguste Couder, 1819
Couder's Louvre decoration: Achilles against Scamander (Xanthus) and Simois — Iliad XXI as neoclassical flood and fury.
Achilles Pursued by the Xanthus
Henri-Frédéric Schopin, c. 19th century
Schopin's canvas: the river-god Scamander rising in waves against Achilles — Romantic water overwhelming the hero until Hephaestus intervenes.
Fury of Achilles
Charles-Antoine Coypel, 1737
Coypel's fury scene from the Trojan cycle — Achilles' rage that drives him into Scamander's flood in the Iliad's river battle.
Achilles Fighting the River-God Scamander
Unknown, c. 17th–18th century
Rijksmuseum print from an Achilles life series: the hero locked with Scamander — the river of Troy personified as opponent.
Hephaestus and the Scamander
Unknown, 19th century
Illustration of Hephaestus' fire against Scamander's flood — the Iliad's elemental duel that saves Achilles from the river.